<How to master skills for the iBT TOEFL Reading Advanced (5)>
fiogf49gjkf0d
Malthusian Catastrophe
In 1798, the English economist Thomas Malthus theorized that human population tends to increase faster than food supplies. He predicted that much of the surplus population would be killed off by wars and diseases but that the remaining people would be condemned to ¡°catastrophe,¡± that is, periods of starvation and misery. The Malthusian catastrophe has already occurred in isolated cultures that had no means of replenishing resources. For example, the original Easter Islanders died out after they deforested the whole island, leading to soil erosion and the demise of the animals and plants on which they depended for food.
Some scientists see signs that a broader Malthusian catastrophe may be gaining momentum today, citing the tragic recent histories of Haiti, Rwanda, and Ethiopia.
7. The word theorized in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. proved
B. learned
C. proposed
D. guessed
8. The word replenishing in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. renewing
B. protecting
C. creating
D. altering
7. C
8. A
¸È¼½º Àç¾Ó
1798³â ¿µ±¹ÀÇ °æÁ¦ÇÐÀÚ Åä¸Ó½º ¸È¼½º´Â Àα¸°¡ ½Ä·® »ý»ê·®º¸´Ù ´õ »¡¸® Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀÌ·ÐÀ» ³»¼¼¿ü´Ù. ±×´Â À׿© Àα¸ÀÇ ´Ù¼ö°¡ ÀüÀïÀ̳ª Áúº´À¸·Î »ç¸ÁÇÏÁö¸¸ ³²Àº »ç¶÷µéµµ ±â¾Æ¿Í ºÒÇàÀÇ ¡°Àç¾Ó¡±À» °Þ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¿¹°ßÇß´Ù. ¸È¼½º Àç¾ÓÀº ÀÚ¿ø º¸Ãæ ¼ö´ÜÀÌ ¾ø´Â °í¸³ Áö¿ª¿¡¼ ÀÌ¹Ì ¹ß»ýÇß´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, À̽ºÅÍ ¼¶ÀÇ ¿øÁֹεéÀº ¼¶ Àüü¸¦ ¹ú¸ñÇÑ Å¿¿¡ Åä¾ç ħ½ÄÀº ¹°·Ð ±×µéÀÌ ½Ä·®À¸·Î »ï¾Ò´ø µ¿½Ä¹°ÀÇ Á¾¸»ÀÌ ÀÖÀº ÈÄ ¸êÁ¾µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀϺΠ°úÇÐÀÚµéÀº ¿À´Ã³¯ ´õ¿í ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¸È¼½º Àç¾ÓÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϰí Àִٴ ¡ÈĵéÀ» ¸ñ°ÝÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù¸é¼ ÇÏÀÌÆ¼¿Í ¸£¿Ï´Ù, À̵ð¿ÀÇǾƿ¡¼ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÑ ºñ±ØÀû »óȲµéÀ» ¿¹·Î µç´Ù.
|